Water-motor.



J G. HOWARD. WATER MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 22, 1909.

1,031,340. d/ Patented July 2, 1912.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

s Cf COLUMBIA PLANOORAPH CD.. WASHINGTON. D. C.

J. C. HOWARD.

'WATER MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 22, 1900.

1,031,340. v l Patented July 2, 1912.

2 SHEETS-*SHEET Z.

i smaller piston di.

will be seen that the piston is so constructed.

JESSE C. HOWARD, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO.

WATER-MOTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 2, 1912.

Application filed March 22, 1909. Serial No. 484,947.

To all whom it may concer/n:

Be it known that I, JESSE C. HOWARD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Columbus, in the county of Franklin and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in lVater-Vlotoi-S, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a fluid motor and is especially adapted for a water motor to use in combination with a pump.

The object is to simplify the parts and at the same time improve the efliciency of the f `vation of the motor and pump with the casing of the motor broken away, showing the interior arrangement of the parts. Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are detail views of one of the pistons of the motor.

Like parts are represented by Y similar characters of reference throughout the several views. i

Referring to Fig. 1, the inlet for the motor is indicated by a. The casing of the motor is formed with a small piston cylinder at the right end and a larger cylinder at the left. I shall call the cylinder a the small piston cylinder and the cylinder the large piston cylinder. The general arrangement is such that two .pistons are employed and will be called differential pistons. The same is true of the valve arrangement, there being differential pressure applied to the valves, as will be explained hereinafter.

The parts are shown in Fig. 1 with the larger piston a at the extreme .limit of its throw to the left, and in this position the port a, formed in the casing of the motor, registers with a port a5, formed in the Referring to Fig. 4, it

that an outer head or cap a7 is screwed on the end of the valve casing as.

In assembling the parts, the inner flange a is formed integral with the casing as, and a leather, al", is readily inserted. Then the intermediate head, a, is fitted on the bore of the casing to bear against the leather, am, and the outer head, a7, and leather is thereafter screwed into position, and a chamber, 1.12, is formed between the intermediate head and the outer head. The port a5 connects with the circumferential chamber, a, and when the port, at, registers with the port, a5, the live water passes into the chamber, a. From thence the live water passes through the passage, alwhich is shown in Fig. 3 to be a pipe projecting from the circumferential chamber, am. The passage terminates in the large valve chamber, au. The effect of this is to throw the valves, a and a, to the right, assuming the position shown in Fig. 1, since the pressure against the valve a is equalized.

Referring now to the speciticconstruction of the parts, I have preferably formed the small and large piston of a solid casting,

with the small and large valve cylinder i formed therein, and the pipe, als, extends from one end of the casting to the other, connecting the circumferential chamber, am, with the large valve chamber', a, There is formed on the top and bottom of the casting an oval shaped opening 0,19 which is always connected with the water inlet, a, so that the live water can at all times enter said opening. Y There are also formed in this central casting passage-ways, Z) and b (Fig.

2) which open into the large piston cylinder or chamber. There is also formed in the casting a slotted opening, b3, which connects the passages, Z) and b', with the small valve chamber, al, excepting when the valve a covers said opening.

Referring to Fig. Q, wherein the valve is at the limit of its throw to the left, it is apparent that the live water, entering through the oval opening al heretofore referred to, cannot pass into the passages, I) and b, for the reason that the small valve a is in a position to shut off the water from the slotted opening, bg, but when the valve is thrown to the right, as shown in Fig. 1,

and as hereinbeforejust explained, the slotted opening is again uncovered so the water can then pass into the passage-ways, I) and Z2', and from thence passesl into the larger piston cylinder, bearing against the large piston on the left thereof.

It is now apparent that the pressure on the right side of the large piston is equalized by the pressure on the left side thereof and therefore the pressure of the live water on the left side of the small piston a6 forces the casting or combined pistons to the right, and the small piston`is finally brought into position such that the port, o, (Fig. 2) registers with theport,'0, formed in the wall of the small piston chamber. In this final position of the parts the dead water which accumulated in the large valve chamber, a, may now pass back through the pipe, als, to the chamber L12 andfrom thence through the ports, c, c', into the passage, 02, and thence to the outlet, c3. Theresult of this is that the pressure of the live ,water acts on the large valve, @15, the pressure being no longer equalized, forces thevalve to the left and thereby forces the dead water out of the large valve'chamber, alt. When the valve, a, reaches the eXtreme left position shutting 0E the live water, the small valve again uncovers the slotted opening in the passage walls, b and b1, so that the water on the left side of the large piston can pass through said passages, Z) and b1, through t-he slotted opening, b3, into the small valve chamber, vand thence to the small piston chamber, thence to the passage-way, c2, and finally to the outlet, c3.

From this explanation of the construction of the parts and the operation of the device it will be seen that there are very few parts required to be assembled, a minimum number of leathers necessary to prevent leakage, and a minimum danger of impairmentY of the parts in their operation. Both the pistons and the valves-are dependent upon `differential pressure for their operation,

and by combining a differential piston device with differential valve mechanism, it is seen that the motor is greatly improved, both in simplicity and in its operation.

It should be stated that preferably there is employed for the valve mechanism an integral casting formed at oneend with the large valve, als, and at its opposite end with the small valve, au. rlhere is formed on the body of the valve a stop, als, an'd this stop is shown (Fig.v l) in Contact with an offset formed in the wall of the small valve cylinder or chamber.

Finally, it should be remembered that both the pistons and the valves, for their operation, are dependent upon the pressure on one o-f the pistons and one of the Valves being first equalized and thereupon the pressure upon the other piston or valve causes the piston or valve to operate, and in that sense there is here `shown a combination of 'differential piston and valve mechanism.

I Iaving thus described my invention, I claim:-

l. In a motor, the combination of a casing having aninlet, differential piston mechanism within said casing, and a valve device within the piston mechanism together with ports and passages constructed and arranged to cause the valve device to be shifted at the end of the stroke. Y

'2. In a motor, the combination of a casing having a fluid inlet and outlet, piston mechanism in said casing, a valve device, the piston mechanism comprising a passage for fluid for operating the valve device, provision for placing the passage in communication With the inlet, and provision for placing the passage in communication with the outlet, whereby said fluid constitutes the sole means to cause the valve device to be shifted at the end of the stroke of the piston mechanism, substantially as specified.

3. In a motor, the combination of a casing having an inlet, a differential piston mechanism supported within said casing, and a differential valve device within the piston mechanism together with ports and passages constructed and arranged as the sole instrumentalities to cause the valve to be shifted at the end of the stroke.

4. In a motor, the combination ofa casing having a fluid inlet and outlet, piston mechanism supported by said casing, a valve device, the piston mechanism comprising a passage for fluid for operating the valve device, provision comprising ports for connecting said passage with said inlet, and

provision for placing said passage in communication with the outlet, whereby the fluid will constitute the sole means to cause the valve device to be'shifted, substantially as" specified.

5. In a motor, the combination of a casing having a fiuid supply inlet and a discharge outlet; a piston mechanism comprising two pistons supported in said casing, said piston mechanism having a fiuid chamber; a valve device carried'by said piston mechanism, said valve device controlling a passageway carried by the piston mechanism and leading to one side of one of said pistons to alternately place said passage-way in communication with the supply inlet and the discharge outlet; provision for having said valve device in communication with said fluid chamber; pro-visio-n for placing said inlet into communication with said fluid chamber at one point of the stroke of said piston mechanism; provision for placing said outlet into communication with said fluid chamber at another point in the stroke having said valve device in communication with said inlet; all arranged and constructed to cause the fluid to shift said valve device at the end of the stroke of said piston mechanism in each direction.

6. In a mot-or, the combination of a casing having a fluid supply inlet and a discharge outlet; a piston mechanism comprising a large and a small piston supported in said casing, said supply inlet being adapted to discharge the fluid into said casing between the respective pistons of said piston mechanism; a valve device carried by said piston mechanism, said valve device controlling a passage-way carried by said piston mechanism and leading to one side of the large piston to alternately place said passage-way in communication with the supply inlet and the discharge outlet; provision for having said valve device in fluid communication with said piston mechanism; provision for placing said piston mechanism in fluid communication with the supply inletat the end of its stroke in one direct-ion; provision for placing said piston mechanism in fluid communication with the discharge outlet at one end of its stroke in one direction; and provision for having said valve device in fluid communication with said inlet; all arranged and constructed to cause the fluid to shift said valve device at the end of the stroke of said piston mechanism in each direction.

7. In a motor, an outer casing, a piston device having two pistons located in said casing, a fluid inlet in said casing between the inner sides of the respective pist-ons, a valve mechanism carried by said piston device, a fluid passageway to the outer side of one of said istons, an outlet in said casing, and means for operating said valve mechanism solely by the fluid to alternately admit and discharge the fluid through said passageway, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

8. In a motor, an outer casing, a piston device in said casing comprising two pistons, a fluid inlet in said casing between said pistons to maintain a constant pressure of the fluid between and on the inner sides of the same, a valve mechanism, means whereby the 'fluid forms the sole agency at the end of one stroke of the piston device to cause said valve mechanism to admit the live fluid to the opposite side of one of said pistons so as to equalize the fluid pressure thereon, and means whereby the fluid forms the sole agency for causing said valve mechanism to permit the discharge of said fluid from said opposite side of said piston at the end of the opposite stroke of said piston device, substantially as specified.

9. In a motor, an outer casing, a piston device in said casing comprising two main pistons, a fluid inlet in said casing between said pistons to maintain a constant pressure of the fluid upon the inner sides of the respective main pistons, valve mechanism comprising two pistons, a fluid passageway leading to the outer side of one of said main pistons, means whereby the fluid shifts said valve mechanism at the end of one stroke of the piston device to permit the live fluid to pass through said passageway to the outer side of said main piston to equalize the fluid pressure thereon, and means for causing said fluid to operate said valve mechanism to permit the cischarge of' said fluid on the outer side of said main piston at the end of the opposite stroke of the piston device, substantially as specified.

10. In a motor, an outer casing, a piston device located therein, a valve mechanism comprising two pistons carried by said piston device, a fluid inlet in said casing having a communication with said valve mechanism so as to maintain a constant pressure of' the fluid between the respective pistons, means whereby at the end of one stroke of the piston device a fluid communication is established to the opposite side of one of said pistons so as to equalize the pressure thereon and permit the fluid to shift said valve mechanism, means whereby the shifting of' the valve mechanism causes the fluid to move the piston device, and means for permitting the discharge of' the fluid from the opposite side of said valve piston through a passage-way carried by said piston device at the end of this stroke of said piston device to permit the fluid pressure between said pistons to shift said valve mechanism and thereby cause the fluid to move said piston device back to its initial position, substantially as specified.

11. In a motor, an outer casing, a piston device located in said casin said piston device comprising a large and a small piston, a fluid inlet in said casing between the inner sides of the respective pistons, a fluid passageway carried by said piston device and leading to the outer side' of said large pist-on, an outlet in said casing, a valve mechanism carried by said piston device, and means for operating said valve mechanism solely by the fluid to alternately form a communication between said passageway and said inlet and said passageway and said outlet, substantially as specified.

12. In a motor, au outer casing, a piston device in said casing comprising a large piston and a small piston, an inlet in said casing between the inner sides of the respective pistons, a passageway carried by said piston device leading to the outer side of said large piston, an outlet in said casing, a valve mechanism carried by said piston device comprising a large piston and a small piston, a fluid communication between the innersides of said valve pistons, a passageway carried by said piston device and leading to the outer side of said large Valve piston passageway and the fluid outlet, subton, means for alternately forming a oomstantially as specified.

munieation between said Valve passageway In testimony whereof7 I have hereunto set and the fluid inlet and between said Valve my hand this 15th day of March 1909.

i 5 passageway and the fluid outlet to cause JESSE C. HOWARD.

said valve mechanism to alternately estab- "Witnesses: lish a communication between said piston EARL C. GRANT,

passageway and the fluid inlet and said pis- CLAUDE N. BRIGGS.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

